EXPOSITION TEXT

CHAPTER 4 PART 1

D. Practice 1:

First, you will read silently to understand the analyctical eksposition text below. Make sure that you know the meaning of every word and every part of those texts.

Second, read out each text (text 1, and 2) loudly and meaningfully as if you are talking and persuading people. If possible, record your voice.

Text 1

Cars should be Banned in the city

As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and otheraccidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them.

Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone. In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.

Text 2

Learning from Television

Traditionally, educators have perceived television as not particularly beneficial to literacy development. Concerns were fueled by findings suggesting that with the introduction of television people spend less time reading books and reading scores decline. As our society is striving to make adjustments to the decline in literacy skills, new ways of learning and teaching are being explored, educators are becoming interested in exploring the educational potential of television. Therefore, the interest in television as an educational medium has increased for several reasons.

First, existing educational television programs that were developed to enhance the literacy development of both children and adults have been quite successful in achieving their intended outcomes. This has been reported in several researches dealing with such things such as television supported distance learning programs from the Open University in Great Britain.

Second, because television is a very accessible medium, it has the potential to reach learners that have not been able to participate in traditional adult literacy programs. Television is accessible both in terms of its technology and in terms of its content. By 1985, 99% of all US households had a least one television set. Moreover, viewers are intimately familiar with the content of television and tend to associate it with pleasurable experience because of its power to entertain.

Finally, the development of new visual technologies makes it possible to provide users with more control and interactivity and thus to adapt televised instruction to the needs of a variety of learners and learning styles.

To conclude, many teachers in UK are recently becoming aware to benefit the potential of television programs to support the teaching processes.

Practice 2 :

Write some words you do not understand. Write them on the following table then consult the dictionary.

1. Vocabulary: create, Meaning: mencipta 

2. Vocabulary: adjustments, Meaning: pengaturan

3. Vocabulary: striving, Meaning: berjuang 

4. Vocabulary: several, Meaning: beberapa

E. Answer the following questions.

Text 1

Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress. Some underlying reason can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language learning.

Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we heard after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-and-long term memory.

Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition, which is just what many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating than other text. Although usually simple, some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way as any other literary sample.

Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and probably many other types don’t have precise people, place or time reference. 

In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmonywithin oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion, patriotism and yeas, even revolution. Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary, spelling and culture.

From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs, learning English can be enjoyable and fun.

1. The type of the text above is ....

a. analytical exposition

b. hortatory exposition

c. narrative

d. discussion

e. explanation

2. What is the communicative purpose of the text?

a. To tell the reader about the songs

b. To entertain the reader with the songs

c. To show the reader the use of songs

d. To explain above the songs

e. To persuade the reader to use songs in learning language

3. The generic structures of the text are ....

a. Thesis – arguments – recommendation

b. General statement – sequential explanation

c. Newsworthy events – background events – sources

d. Thesis – arguments – reiteration

e. General statement – arguments

4. What is the text about ....

a. learning songs

b. very enjoyable music

c. the phenomenon

d. music listeners

e. using songs in language learning

5. Based on the text, there are ...... reason for using songs in learning language

a. 6

b. 4

c. 5

d. 3

e. 2

CHAPTER 4 PART 2

D. Practice 1:

First, read the reading text above silently to understand the previous analyctical eksposition. Make sure that you know the meaning of every word and every part of the texts.

Second, read out the previous text loudly and meaningfully as if you are talking and persuading people. If possible, record your voice.

Practice 2:

Highlight some words that you do not understand. Write them on the following table then consult the dictionary.

1. Vocabulary: necessary, Meaning: penting

2. Vocabulary: apparent Meaning: nyata

3. Vocabulary: disburse, Meaning: membayar

4. Vocabulary: disseminating, Meaning: penyebaran

E. Choose a casual conjuction to fill the blanks.

that reason, in this way, as the result, because, because of, since

1. He has no wife that reason why he always cooks by himself.

2. I failed go to University last year, in this way I try to do my best.

3. I divided it into 3 categories, as the result data is normal

4. I was bored because the Lecture’s speech was too much.

5. Because of his achievement on job, He promoted as the Manager.

CHAPTER 4 PART 3

D. Answer the following questions.

Text 1

There is no best way to deal with pests in agriculture. Pesticides which are commonly used may cause many problems. I think combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pests.

Firstly, the chemicals in the pesticides may build up as residues in the environment and in the soil which absorbs the chemicals. This reduces the quality of farm product.

Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and stronger ones have to be developed.

Lastly, some pesticides affect non target plants and animals such as fish and bees. This affects the ecology and environment as well.

So, understanding of ecology of an area helps a lot in pest control. Pesticides should be chosen and applied carefully so that they don’t affect the ecological balance and environment.

Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more effective option to fight pest in agriculture and livestock.

Answer the following questions.

1. Which of the following is not directly affected by pesticides used?

A. Plants

B. Ecology

C. Animals.

D. Environment.

E. Human Beings

2. What can you say about paragraph two and four?

A. The fourth paragraph supports the idea stated in paragraph two.

B. Both paragraphs tell about the disadvantages of using pesticides.

C. Both paragraphs tell about how pesticides affect the quality of farm products.

D. The statement in paragraph is contrary to the statement in paragraph four.

E. The second paragraph tells about the effects of using pesticides on animals

mentioned in paragraph four.

3. One of the disadvantages of using chemical pesticides is ...

A. killing fish and bees.

B. increasing crops productivity.

C. creating balanced ecosystem.

D. causing the pests to become inactive

E. helping reduce pollutants in the environment.

4. Secondly, pests can gradually become resistant to pesticides. (paragraph 3). Theword resistant in the sentence above means ...

A. weak

B. fragile

C. damage

D. unaffected

E. unbalanced

Text 2

The use of formalin and other dangerous preservatives in food has been serious problem for three reasons.

Firstly, formalin is not for human beings, but it is for biological specimens and experiments. Formalin in Biology is a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water which is usually used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens. Thus, it is not for food preservatives. Of course when it is used for food preservative, it will be very dangerous to human’s body.

The second reason is that there is no tight control from the government. This condition makes the people’s health is really in a threat. When the control is weak and the use formalin was spread wide all over the Indonesian regions, and these days it has really happened, the citizen’s bodies will be badly contaminated with the poisons.

Fish or food traders still sell their products which contain formalin and dangerous preservatives. Can you imagine that our digestive system absorbs the substance that should be for the human and animal corpses? Considering the reasons, we can make a conclusion that the use of formalin and other preservatives is really a serious problem if it is not resolved immediately.

5. Why is formalin dangerous for human`s body?

A. It is not food preservatives

B. It is a disinfectant for human beings

C. It is used to preserve biological specimens

D. It is 10% solution of formaldehyde in water

E. It is controlled flighty from the government

6. The main idea of paragraph two is ....

A. The human`s bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin

B. The government has not controlled the use of formalin firmly

C. The weak control of using formalin is not threatening the human

D. The human`s bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin

E. The use of formalin is known all over the regions

7. Based on the facts above, the writer suggest that ... .

A. People have to avoid consuming formalin in their food

B. The use of formal dehyde is necessary to control the food

C. People should add 100% solution of formaldehyde in water

D. The food preservative is required to make the food delicious

E. Food seller is supposed to pour formalin for vegetables and food products

E. 5. Learning Journal

Complete the following statements to show  learning development.

• The materials I have learned are analytical eksposition text

• In my opinion, the ost difficult part in this unit is deciding on structure

• It is difficult for me because in distinguishing the structure there are many new words

• The other problem(s) I face im his unit is/are analyzing the material in detail

• The effort(s) I do to solve the problem is/are to watch the video and re-read it

• The support(s) which I need to solve the problem is/are watch the video and re-read it

6. Reflection

Check your comprehension after studying this unit.

CHAPTER 4 PART 4

Activity 2

Write an EXPOSITION TEXT in your blog! Complete your article with  the explanation, pictures and video!

Not without reason, breakfast does have many benefits for the body. According to several research studies, breakfast can provide energy for a person to start activities in the morning and improve performance and concentration. In addition, breakfast will positively influence the cognitive skills of the brain, which can improve memory in producing high concentration.

With so many benefits of eating breakfast, it would be nice not to skip breakfast every day. By eating a healthy breakfast every day, your days will feel better. When the body sleeps, you will lose the body’s intake for a few hours. Therefore, the body needs to be replenished with nutritious and healthy food intake.

If you skip breakfast, you can imagine that various diseases can attack an empty stomach.

CHAPTER 4 PART 5